Globalization and localization are two related concepts in software development that address the adaptation of software products to meet the needs of users in different regions, languages, and cultures. Let's define each term:
Localization is the process of adapting a globalized application, to a particular culture/locale.
Globalization:
Globalization, often abbreviated as "G11n" (due to the 11 letters between "G" and "n"), refers to the design and development of software or products that can be easily adapted to different languages, regions, and cultures without requiring code modifications. It involves creating software in a way that it can accommodate various linguistic and cultural differences.
Globalization considerations include:
- Language support: Designing software to handle multiple languages and character sets.
- Date and time formats: Adapting the display of dates, times, and calendars to match local conventions.
- Number and currency formats: Formatting numbers and currencies based on regional standards.
- Text direction: Supporting languages with right-to-left (RTL) writing systems.
- User interface layout: Handling different screen resolutions, fonts, and text lengths.
- Cultural norms: Adapting software behavior and content to align with local customs, symbols, and sensitivities.
Localization:
Localization, often abbreviated as "L10n" (due to the 10 letters between "L" and "n"), refers to the process of customizing a software product to a specific target locale, language, or region. It involves translating and adapting the user interface, content, and functionality to make the software appear and behave as if it were developed specifically for the target market.
Localization activities include:
- Language translation: Translating the user interface, error messages, labels, and other visible text elements into the target language.
- Cultural adaptation: Adapting content, images, symbols, and examples to fit the local culture and context.
- Formatting adjustments: Modifying date formats, time formats, number formats, and currency symbols to match local conventions.
- User interface adjustments: Resizing or rearranging user interface elements to accommodate translated text lengths.
- Content customization: Customizing content to align with regional preferences, legal requirements, or cultural sensitivities.
- Local regulations compliance: Ensuring the software meets legal, regulatory, and compliance requirements specific to the target market.
In summary, globalization focuses on designing software to be adaptable and flexible, considering various language and cultural requirements. Localization, on the other hand, involves the specific customization and translation of the software to a particular target market or locale. Both globalization and localization are crucial for creating software products that can be effectively used and understood by users around the world.